Why the cervix is examined
The cervix is the lower, narrow part of the uterus that projects into the vagina. Because it is directly accessible, changes can be picked up at a very early stage, years before they progress. That is why cervical screening is at the heart of preventing cancer of the cervix.
How screening is done
Screening is done in stages and is tailored to your age, your history and the findings of previous tests:
- Visual inspection of the cervix with a speculum, during the gynecological examination.
- A Pap test, to detect cell changes.
- HPV testing, where this is indicated.
- Colposcopy, when the Pap test or the HPV test gives an abnormal result.
- A cervical biopsy, if colposcopy shows a suspicious area.
The examination is short and takes place in the office. Your doctor will explain which steps are needed in your case and when screening should be repeated.